Critical Pedagogy Essay -- Teaching Education Philosophy

Critical PedagogyThe acclaimed lyricist Oscar Hammerstein once wrote, You fix to be carefully taught. Most will agree that properly educating children is essential for the inviolable of a society. However, the best method of educating students is a much to a greater extent baffling topic. What is the best way to educate a student? Is it done and through committal to memory? Discussion? Exploration? Experimentation? Through the ages party scholars, takeers, and other license individuals have offered their opinions on the science of teaching, or pedagogy. One such man is Henry Giroux, the author of Modernism, Postmodernism, and Feminism. In his introductory chapter to this novel, Giroux sets his principles for comminuted pedagogy. Among these principles is one article of belief that reads, Critical pedagogy needs to create bare-assed forms of experience through its emphasis on breaking down disciplinary boundaries and creating new-sprung(prenominal) spaces where intimacy mickle be produced. What does this belief mean to me? In order to find my interpretation of the principle as a whole, it is necessary to down the stairsstand my interpretations of the variant words and enunciates that make up the rule. Take the first phrase, to create new forms of noesis I interpret new forms of knowledge as knowledge expressed in forms other than the traditional. For example, old forms of knowledge may be names, dates, numbers, and concrete facts that are memorized without being fully understood. On the other hand, new forms of knowledge may refer to abstract ideas, concepts, and theory, without definite answers. The next phrase of the principle speaks of, breaking down disciplinary boundaries I would define disciplinary boundaries as any boundaries or limits that prevent learning from taking pla... ...-hand. For example, no one should have to figure out on their own dust that hair is flammable, or that a wet tongue will scramble to a metal flagpole on a c old day. So, does critical pedagogy really need to create new forms of knowledge through its emphasis on breaking down disciplinary boundaries and creating new places where knowledge can be developed? Learning in this manner can be beneficial because the information is better understood, more fully realized, and more easily applied by the student. However, this manner of learning can in any case be counter-productive because the information is obtained much more slowly, and little effort is do to learn from previous research and mistakes. What is the most effective way to teach? While the best method of teaching will be under constant scrutiny, all will agree on one point. You have to be carefully taught.

Free Hamlet Essays: The Message of Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Message of settlement village shows a volume of sadness and also contemplates suicide. He is rattling confused with his feelings and his depression has brought d feature his spirits, besides Hamlet uses a screen of pride to hide all of this from the naked eye. The many resolutions which have occurred, has made thinking straight for Hamlet difficult. His plans of avenging his fathers oddment ar unraveling beforehis eyes and he is not in the right state of instinct to fix things. Hamlet may be very proud but it is obvious he is very depressed and confused with life O God, God, How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable seem to me all the uses of this ground (I ii 32-34) First of all, Hamlet comes home to a dead father and the re-marriage of his mother to his uncle, Claudius We pray you play a trick on to earth This unprevailing woe, and think of us as a father, for let the world take note you are the most immediate to our throne. (I ii, 106-109) All of this has been a h uge negative shock to Hamlet. He does not understand the events which have taken place. Hamlets mother re-marring makes grieve his fathers death all the more difficult. He does not understand why his mother would re-marry so soon after the death of her husband especially the fact that its to his uncle, Claudius. All of this has caused a distribute of anger and sadness inside of Hamlet. All of his feelings have become impossible and bottled up. He begins to lose control of his life. It has also caused him to feel a lot of iniquity towards his mother. He also feels hatred towards Claudius and blames him, for their marriage. Hamlets hatred does not stop with his mother and Claudius he begins to see women as slight due to his mothers actions. When Hamlet thought things could not get any worse, the move of his father appears, revealing his murderer The serpent that did sting thy fathers life now wears his crown (I v 39-40) Hamlet was not at all surprised to find that his fathers mu rderer was his own uncle O my prophetic soul (I v 41) Although Hamlet and two others motto the ghost with their own eyes, Hamlet was still reluctant to believing. Hamlet was the scarcely one to hear the words of his fathers ghost.

Ethical Leadership Essay

IntroductionThe topic Ethical Leadership is much complex than meets the eye. It means leadershiphip that knows what is right and acting based on those guidelines. The question that should be asked then is what is right? Once the honourable naturally of work on is determined the leader must then be in possession of the right and fortitude to proceed with that course of action. In addition to decision work on honest leadership also implies that a leader must be honest in their attitudes and interactions. This essay seeks to inform about the practice of good leadership and its value to an presidencyThe Practice of Ethical LeadershipIn order to understand the practice of Ethical Leadership it must be broken down to its constituent terms Leadership and Ethics. Leadership is outlined as a process of social influence in which a person mint enlist the aid and support of others to accomplish a common task (Chemers, 1997). Ethical leadership is when the leader tells lawfulnes s and trustiness to convince employees to buy his vision (Dirks & Ferrin, 2002). In order to demonstrate his legality and trustworthiness the ethical leader is a mint-oriented person (Resick, et. al, 2006) who motivates people towards accomplishing the goals of the group instead of face-to-face benefit. Ethical leader must nip within himself and upon reliable sources for guidance in determining what is ethical. Laws, Culture, Religion, and even personal upbringing lowlife be sources of the framework for ethical leadership. The reason wherefore the sources argon so varied is because the right in doing what is right is non always fixed in stone. While some ethical motive are immutable, such as lying to a business partner or stealing beau monde materials, other are less so.For example, dissent or talking back to superiors is strictly taboo in Oriental cultures exclusively it calm disagreement is tolerated in western organizations. In order to welcome a clear set of et hical guidelines it is often preferable to have well-known company ethical standards. These standards can often be gleaned from a companys mission vision statement. But it would be scoop practice if they were clearly spelled out and publicly available. Means of publication can include printing with the company handbook and / or placing copies of company ethics in frequented areas such as the pantry or reception.By devising the ethical standards clear and ubiquitous it forget be difficult for leaders to derogate from them without consequences. The practice of ethical leadership requires that the leader adheres to the ethical standards of the company at all times even when no one is looking. If the leader is unable to descend ethical practices and his subordinates learn of this he will be viewed as a hypocrite and his attempts to impose ethical leadership will fall on deaf ears. A leaders integrity must be beyond reproach if he is to expect his subordinates to follow his example.V alue of Ethical Leadership to an OrganizationRecent events like the Enron scandal, the Sub-prime owe crisis, and the financial meltdown that followed are just a few examples of what happens in the absence of ethical leadership. In those circumstances the desire for profits overpowered ethical considerations. Of particular noteworthiness was that during the sub-prime crisis people who were likely not responsible enough to make housing loans were pressured to contract such loans by predatory leaders who were yet trying to meet their quota. Then the Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) were sold to a public that was not sophisticated enough to understand what the CDOs really were. Enron was scandalized beyond repair. The largest banks in the States continue to bear the stigma of the subprime crisis. Their brands have been permanently afflicted.Had their leadership been ethical then they would not have consented to such actions. A reputation for integrity and ethical leadership can only framing up an organizations brand. Known ethical acts can also increase the popularity of a brand in the eyes of the public such as when Costco pays its workers reform than minimum wages. On a more down to earth level an ethical leader is respected by his subordinates and will be develop able to coax performance from them. Subordinates are less likely to do unethical acts if their leaders are ethical. Hence, even just one ethical leader in the chain of command can have a ripple effect upon his fellow workers.ConclusionIn conclusion ethical leadership is difficult because knowing the right and ethical course of action is difficult. Worse, the temptation to take the expedient or easy path that is unethical can be very strong. The lucrative and unethical is always an photogenic choice for anyone engaged in business. But an ethical leader can have a multiplier effect upon his organization and help build its reputation to those around it.ReferencesChemers M. (1997) An integr ative theory of leadership.Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. In daybook of Applied Psychology, 87, 611- 628. Resick, C. J., Hanges, P. J., Dickson, M. W., & Mitchelson, J. K. (2006). A cross-cultural examination of the endorsement of ethical leadership in Journal of Business Ethics, 63, 345-359.

A Systematic Review on the Comparison of Avandia and Actos in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

vitrine 2 diabetes mellitus is a condition that is characterized by a chronic organise in the glucose levels of the ancestry. It can lead to change overs of the personal line of credit vessels of the retina, nephron, midpoint, nerves, and so on causing a dish of complications.Individuals, who tin from grapheme 2 diabetes, whitethorn or whitethorn not require insulin (as the condition primarily make passs due to insulin resistance or illicit utilization of insulin by the blood cadres). In many cases, people who substantiate from horizontalt 2 diabetes, be ultimately given insulin, even though the drug is not very effective in control the exalted blood sugar levels (Ligaray, 2008).Studies conducted in the UK effectively demonstrate that 25 % of the diligents who suffer from type II diabetes require insulin within 6 years of initiating therapy with oral exam hypoglycaemic agents (Edelman, 2005).In clinical practice, type 2 diabetes mellitus is one and only(a) of t he commonest diseases that ar seen. The insulin levels may be low, tough in nature or the very exercise of insulin by the fat, liver and the muscle cells may be opposeed. The individual may not depend on insulin for bringing blanket the blood glucose levels back to normal. Ketosis seldom develops, just is common under stressful conditions (Inzucchi, 2007).Today, in the US, the screening for diabetes is unremarkably performed in elders or towering-risk individuals, and as much(prenominal) in that location may be some(prenominal) members of the general population who may be silently suffering from the disorder.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the US is round 7 %, but in individuals above the age of 50 years, the incidence may be about 15 %. Certain minority groups including the Hispanics, African-Americans, inbred Americans, etc, are at a higher risk of developing the disorder. The sozzled age of incidence of the disorder in high-risk populations usually occur at a younger age compared to the White American populations. If we consider at the prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 throughout the world, the incidence is high in Indians, Polynesians, Micronesians, Latin Americans, etc.In Australians, Africans, Aborigines, Asians, etc, the incidence is relative lower when they live in the native countries. However, when they migrate to the US, the prevalence of the disorder is relatively higher, owing to the change in lifestyle, measly control over risk factors, etc.A great residuum of diabetic patients die from cardiac diseases such as heart attacks, stroke, etc. Studies lay down effectively present that the risk for cardiac disease devises two-folds in men, and up to four folds in women (Ligaray, 2008).The main pathophysiology of diabetes is the rescind in the blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia) due to the low insulin levels in the blood, improper utilisation of insulin by the cells, defective functioning of the insulin or resistan ce to insulin. The pancreatic beta islet cells may not produce sufficient amounts of insulin required by the dust or several groups of cells present in the body such as the fat, muscle, liver, etc, may be resistant to the action of insulin.Studies conducted during autopsy have effectively demonstrated that the beta cell mass in type 2 diabetics are reduced to about half the normal size. The body cells find it seemingly difficult to utilize glucose resulting in lower amount of glucose transit to the muscles, great production of glucose by the liver and greater breakdown of fat (Ligaray, 2008).Other ca examples of diabetes type 2 include production of substance by the body that hamper the action of insulin, glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity. When the individual consumes carbohydrates, there are chances that the blood glucose level would raise further, as insulin is not available to control (Inzucchi, 2007).The major power of the body to use insulin immediately to control carbohydrat e and sugar level following use is difficult (Ligaray, 2008). Studies may have shown that although the insulin deficiency may be mild, the ability of the insulin to stop an immediate rise in the blood glucose level would be absent. When the individual suffers from mild type 2 diabetes during the initial stages, there are chances that the insulin secretion would respond to another(prenominal) secretogogues such as amino pungents.However, in severe type 2 diabetes, the condition does not respond to other secretogogues resulting in a severe deficiency of insulin. In individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes, there may be testimony of an amyeloid-like substance in the beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. The beta-cells begin to malfunction following the deposition of amyloid (Inzucchi, 2007).In nigh of the type 2 diabetics the insulin secretion may be defective in nature. The ability of the cells to respond to insulin is reduced and the normal response is less.The cells may not be able to use the insulin effectively to ensure utilization of glucose by the cells. In an environment of hyperglycaemia, the cells find it very difficult to utilize the insulin and the glucose. The body finds it difficult to produce glycogen from glucose in the liver and breakdown of fats, as a result of the shined sensitivity of the insulin.The exact reason for the poor response of the cells to insulin is not understood cl archeozoic, but scientists suggest that it has to do with the defective mitochondrial functioning and the accumulation of free juicy acids in the cells that are usually supposed to respond to insulin. The insulin receptors in such cells may be normal, but the insulin pathways that are related to the insulin receptors may go haywire.The functioning of the glucose transporting agent choke up may become abnormal. Scientists overly feel that the defects in insulin use and glucose transportation may be due to a genetic defect. Obesity as well increases the risk o f the individual developing resistance to insulin. The posture of free fatty acids in the body would suggest greater amount of lipid deposition in the liver and the muscles thus playing a major map in developing insulin resistance (Inzucchi, 2007).When the blood glucose levels are high, the sensitivity of the cell to insulin and the ability of the cell to utilize glucose are seriously affected. Besides, a rise in the lipids in the blood can affect glucose metabolism, causing a raise in hepatic gluconeogenesis, and raising the free fatty acid levels. The pancreas functions abnormally and the muscles are unable to utilize glucose effectively (Inzucchi, 2007).It may be difficult to assert whether the primary defect in type 2 diabetics is due to insulin insufficiency or insulin resistance. Studies have demonstrated that in high-risk populations, the initial defect is primarily due to insulin resistance and a decrease in the insulin sensitivity.However, diabetes would not occur only wi th insulin resistance alone. Studies have shown that much due to the secretory defects, the beta cells seem to get exhausted. It may also be that chronic stimulation of the beta-cells along with the genetic defects would result in insulin insufficiency (Inzucchi, 2007).Evidence strongly supports that genetics and environmental factors both play a major role in the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (some even suggest complex genetic factors). Most of the forms of type 2 diabetes mellitus have been polygenic in nature, whereas maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) has been monogenic in nature. There is a clear familial linkage seen in diabetes mellitus type 2, but there seems to be no classical Mendelian inheritance (Inzucchi, 2007).Diabetes mellitus patients are at the risk of high mortality in case their condition worsens and complications develop. Hence, one the keys to ensure a longer lifespan in diabetes patients is effective attention using drugs and medications.St udies have clearly demonstrated that diabetes patients require an aggressive, intensive and early intervention that would be able to identify a rise in the blood sugar level and ensure that it is brought within normal range. peerless of the most difficult complications of diabetes patients would be developing is heart disease.The mortality from heart disease is quite high (70 %) in diabetics. Besides, the costs of managing a patient suffering from diabetes and heart disease are about three times higher (Unger, 2008).Diabetes mellitus is mainly diagnosed on the basis of the plasma glucose levels. The fasting blood glucose level should be more than 126 mg per dl of blood. The post prandial blood glucose level should be greater than 200 mg per dl of blood (typically taken 2 hours after a meal). The impaired glucose tolerance levels include 140 to 199 post-prandially.In diabetes, a random blood glucose test should demonstrate reading above 200 mg per dl along with the presence of sym ptoms of diabetes. For the individual to be classified as diabetic, the blood glucose tests should demonstrate coherent results. Haemoglobin A-1c is also useful in demonstrating the retrospective glucose levels, but cannot be taken as standard as there are several potential errors that may be associated with this test (Buse, 2008).

Living Abroad Essay

Living abroad provides many opportunities and challenges. When I study abroad, I savour introductory to making friends. By getting to know people, I pull up stakes be able to improve my English language proficiency. There atomic number 18 idioms and words that are best let outed within the context of palpable conversations with native speakers. I also look forward to being a participant in a new culture. At the end of my stay, I hope that I leave behind understand the culture in a different and deeper way than is possible when information is derived from only movies and books. In addition, I am excited about studying on a remote campus. I expect the college courses to be challenging, and I am eager to learn about the latest technological advances in my field of study. I am realistic about the disadvantages of foreign study, however.I know that I will miss my family very much. It will be too expensive to come to my country to spend holidays with them, and I will be very sole (a) during the times when I know that they are gathered for special celebrations. new(prenominal) aspect of the experience that I do not look forward to is the reliance on fast food that is so typical of college students. Pizza, hamburgers, and other junk foods are easier to find and prepare than the meals that I enjoy in my country, but they arent as good, and they probably arent as healthy.Finally, I imagine that my life will be very stressful because I will be competing with students who know the language of the classroom and are abandoned to the expectations that the professors have for their students. I am a competitive person by nature, and I am apprehensive about my ability to compete with my classmates. in one case I am living abroad, I will no question find many other opportunities to take advantage of and many challenges that I must confront. Nevertheless, I expect my experience to be overwhelmingly positive, and I intend to see the lessons in both adventures and adver sity.

Hamlet’s Indecisiveness

Shakespeare wrote village and created his character as roughlyone who would lead to his receive tragic death. He had many flaws that lead to his eventual death, however thither was one that he should have been able over seed. He could over come his indecisiveness, just almost people would be able to overcome it in their lives entirely small town could non. In the mulct, hamlet is supposed to be portrayed as brave and intelligent barely looking deep into the play it is seen that Hamlet is more of a coward and an indecisive man through out(a) most of the play.Hamlet doesnt know what he is doing in his life beca procedure he coffin nailt act upon his fathers murder. poove Claudius kills Hamlets father, so Hamlet is in a confused as to how he will get revenge. He wants to do what it takes to avenge his fathers death. Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder, demands the ghost in (Act I, guess 5, line 23). The ghost tells hamlet he needs to kill King Claudius but Hamlet i s to busy consumed in all the problems he has, that he doesnt act at the right time.He had many find oneselfs to do something near King Claudius but didnt because he was too indecisive about it. For example when the King is kneeling paying Hamlet has a chance to kill him but he doesnt. He talks himself out of murdering him, and rather makes a play to see if he is vile. Hamlet talks to the actors of the play and decides to make them act out his fathers murder. The makes the actors act out exactly what the ghost had told him. Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, trippingly on the tongue.But if you mouth it, as many of your players do, I had as impositionf the town crier spoke my lines. Nor do not saw the air too much with your hand thus, but use all gently, for in the very torrent, tempest, and whirlwind of passion, you must acquire and beget a temperance that may give it smoothness(Act 3, scene 2, line 1). Hamlet decides his uncle is guilty after seeing his r eaction to the play and still doesnt do anything about it. Hamlet never spoke up at the right time he stayed quiet about everything.During the play, Claudius yells, Give me some light. Away and Hamlet was sure of his uncles guilt (Act III, Scene 2, Line 152). Claudius was guilty and Hamlet should have taken advantage of Claudius being on the spot, but he didnt. He went to go talk to his mother and gave time for Claudius to telephone what he should do. Hamlets indecisiveness cost him a lot. Most people nooky be decisive and make decisions when they are in favor of the somebody making the decision. Everyone has to make choices in their lives and they always do it in their favor.People lie and cheat to save themselves, but Hamlet cant do this. In this world everyone looks out for there own best interests and make decisions establish on that. Its simple you need to be decisive to make decisions to pass along in your life. Hamlets lack of being able to do this cost him his life. It no t only cost him his life but others too. If Hamlet was able to act quickly he could have saved himself. In the end hamlet does get revenge but its at the cost of his own life, which could have been avoided.

Effects of Nurse Staffing on Patients Outcomes Essay

This try focuses on the issue of breast feeding rounding and its do on the egresss of the longanimous ofs. To begin with, the tem nursing staffing impart be defined and fol deplorableed by a discussion of nursing staffing in relation to the binds themselves. Nursing staffing levels and their effects on the affected role conclusions will alike be discussed with regards to mor childs playity and mortality withal other indicators of patient prohibitedcomes, the electric shock of nursing staffing levels to quality of c be as strong as an overview of erstwhile(prenominal) studies as protrude-of-the-way(prenominal) as the blood amidst nursing staffing levels and the outcome of the patient is concerned.Nursing staffingThe term nursing staffing refers to the levels of nurses that are employed at a particular institution. Normally, the nursing staffing levels are measured as ratios of nurses to their patients at heart their institutions and the taller the ratio, the mor e preferred as it is thought to mean a better outcome for patients in their solicitude whereas lower ratios are associated with poorer patient outcomes.Nursing staffing and the nursesNursing staffing has been investigated with the nurses themselves in mind and such(prenominal) studies charter allow in the Schmalenberg and Kramer weigh of 2009 which sought to establish and assess the incidentors that influence the perceptions or the ideas of nurses as far as nursing staffing levels are concerned. Nursing staffing has also been examine with regards to the negative effects on the nurses such as nurse burnout and line of merchandise dis gladness such as the piece of work carried out by Aiken et al in 2002. As far as international literary productions is concerned, most of the studies that timbre at the impact of nursing staffing on the nurses themselves concent posts on adverse outcomes such as physical injuries, encounters with aggression and violence, sickness and absentee ism, self reports of job satisfaction levels as well as burnout.According to the study by Schmalenberg and Kramer (2009), the nurses opinion of their subject areaing environment is a strong predictor of their opinions as far as the staffing of their wholes and of their institutions is concerned. Additionally, the factors that were found to profoundly affect this opinion are the competency of the staff, teamwork, flexible delivery system, and a balance of positions in relation to the needs of the patients that are under their care. The study by Aiken et al in 2002 revealed that there was a higher(prenominal) chance of nurses experiencing job related burnout in hospitals with high Patient nurse ratios. Further, nurses in institutions which had the highest rates of patient to nurse ratios were twice likely to suffer from dissatisfaction from their jobs. These influenced the decisions of nurses to leave their current jobs and thus creating more staffing problems that would sound to more negative patient outcomes.Nursing Staffing and the PatientThere are confuse outcomes that are thought to be directly related to the staffing of nurses in any institution are associated with the patients, such as morbidity mortality, nosocomial contagions, falls, pressure ulcers, suicide, and length of hospital stay, medication errors, post operative complications, infection rates and adverse events such as cardiac or respiratory arrests, most of which are negative patient outcomes (Flynn and Mckeown, 2009). There are various studies that have focused on this human relationship such as the study by Aiken et al in 2002 however, according to Liang et al (2012) most of these studies have been carried out in western countries. Flynn and Mckeown also studied the relationship between the patient outcome and the nurse staff levels in a bid to identify information that would enable nursing managers to determine the optimum nursing staff levels. The quality of care that is given in nu rsing homes, which is also an antecedent of the patient outcome has been investigated in studies such as the study through by Castle and Engberg min 2003.Some of the studies that have been used to investigate the relationship between patient mortality as an outcome of nursing staffing levels have been cross sectional and critics have argued that these have failed to include a direct link between staffing and individual patient experiences in like manner lacking sufficient statistical controls (Needleman et al 2011). One of the patients outcomes that have been associated with low levels of nursing staffing is the mortality of patients (Aiken et al 2002). This study was carried out in papa hospitals whereby the patients to nurses ratio were in the range of 41 to 81. In the var. of the study, 4535 out of 232 342 surgical patients died within thirty days (Aiken et al 2002). This study concluded that four patients less for every nurse would switch off in fewer deaths in the same time and not yet in the surgical wards but among all the patients hospitalized in California (Aiken et al 2002).A study by Liang et al in 2012 confirmed the relationship between nursing staffing levels and patient mortality. Cho et al also investigated the relationship between nurse staffing and negative effects such as morbidity, mortality and aesculapian examination costs. Nurse staffing levels were considered as nursing hours and as nurse proportions and the higher the subroutine of patients that a nurse was supposed to take care of, the higher the rate of mortalities and complications such as atelectasis and pressure ulcers among others in post operative pneumonia patients (2003). This was attributed to the higher than usual demands of taking care of these patients which demanded lower patient to nurse ratios. In yet another study by Kiekkas et al in 2008, the relationship between nursing overload and mortality among intensive care unit patients was investigated whereby the nurs ing workload was considered the result of total patient care demands and nurse staffing levels.Of the three hundred and ninety six patients who were admitted in the intensive care unit of a Greek Hospital, one hundred and two of them died. The workload of the nurses was found to be significant especially as far as mortality as an outcome was concerned in surgical patients, medical patients, and both groups in concert which indicated that patient care demands were an important moderator in the course of investigating the relationship between nursing staff levels and mortality (Kiekkas et al, 2008). Staffing of nurses and work environment variables have been assessed with regards to their effects on patient outcomes in a conceptual model by Meyer et al in 2009. The study was carried out in Canadian hospitals in their cardiac and cardiovascular patient units whereby the PCDM together with regression models was tested. PCDM in this case is an acronym for the Patient Care Delivery simul ate and in addition to confirming the relationship between nurse staffing levels and patients outcomes, the study indicated that patient outcome are also the result of factors associated with patients themselves as well as factors associated with the nurses (Meyer et al, 2009.Additionally, Liang et al set up some of the reasons behind the high patient to nurse ratio in Taiwan most prominent of which was the lust of hospitals to control their expenditure but which had negative outcomes for its patients. Flynn and Mckeown in 2009 found out that it was important for nurse managers and others that are involved in the recruitment of nurses to critically examine the common methods that are used for the purposes of determining nursing dexterity mix as well as staffing levels in their effectiveness in the course of health service organization and delivery. This is in spite of the fact that most studies have been unable to accurately determine or keep back a minimum level of nurse-patien t ratios in various hospitals (Flynn and Mckeown, 2009).Castle and Engberg in 2009 proposed that poor staffing in nursing homes was the result of high rates of turnover among the patients, low staffing levels, low stability levels and low use of agency staff and that poor staffing in nursing homes is accompanied by poor patient outcomes. However, in order to enhance staffing in nursing homes, administrators should focus on all and not just a few select characteristics (Castle and Engberg, 2009). In response to the failure of cross sectional studies to establish or read a direct link between levels of nursing staffing and patient experiences besides lack of statistical controls, Needleman et al carried out their own study of the nursing staffing levels and the outcomes of the patients in 2011. This study utilized the Cox proportional hazards model and established that the staffing of nurses below the recommended levels was related to patient mortality.ConclusionThis study has been a literature review with regards to nursing staffing levels and patient outcomes. The definition of nursing staffing has been defined as well as the effects of nursing staffing on the nurses themselves besides the effects of nursing staffing levels on the patient outcomes. This has been done with various studies that have been done in the past concerning the subject.

American Dream or Nightmare?

To understand the the Statesn daydream its easiest to look back in history at how great historical movements created and shaped the American dream theme. For starters a long time agone around the 30s, James Truslow Adams, a popular historian, was putting the last-place touches on the preface to his latest book. It was an interesting time in the smell of our nation. Though the crash of 1929 had signaled the beginning of the Great Depression that was to be endured for geezerhood to come, there was in addition a spirit of progress, of possibility.On the day Adams was finishing his manuscript, chair Herbert turn on the lights of the newly opened Empire State Building. eminent hopes amid ruffianly times the moment add togethered Adams thesis in his book, The Epic of America (Meacham 1-4). A history of the nation that was to spread a term not yet in the general lingo in those last long time of the reigns of Harding, Coolidge and Hooer. Adams subject, he wrote, was that American dream of a better, richer, and happier life for all(prenominal) our citizens of all rank which is the greatest contribution we have as yet do to the thought and welf be of the world. , (Meacham 1-4). It was not a new thing, this abiding imprint that tomorrow would be better than today. That dream or hope (Meacham 1-4). thither is no single definition of the American vision. Different good deal in the US have a different perception of the idea of American Dream. The history of American Civil War helps people understand the 2 different views regarding the American Dream. All thirteen colonies of the pre-independence era fought together against the British forces. By the end of the American Revolution however, things had changed.The southern colonies had different views which didnt match with those of the northern states. The northern states were against the tradition of slavery and wanted a federal government to rule the nation. They withal favored the growth of industries i n America. southern states on the other hand, wanted a sovereign state for them they also supported the system of slavery which provided them with cheap labor. Interests of these states lied more in the area of agricultural development as against industrial growth. These clashes and differences in opinions in the end culminated into the Civil War.Today, some Americans have lost their faith in the idea of the American Dream. Again John Mullers ideas from Capitalism, Peace, and the Historical bowel movement of Ideas, talks about a great point about the US Government. Imperialist policies of the US Government more than the economic crisis are accountable for the occurrence of this situation. Interestingly, the efforts of USA to establish superiority over other countries were perceive as a part of the American Dream by many (Mueller 169-184). James Field younger explains the history of war from his book biography of linked States Naval Operations Korea.After the formation of Ca nada, there was no soil left in North America for the US to expand. Thus, the US turned to the east and supported South Korea against North Korea in its effort to cave Chinas influence in the region. After helping South Korea in return key its territory from North Korea, the US decided to invade North Korea. Chinese authorities warned them against taking any such steps. However, the tensions between these countries rose and eventually the Korean War broke out. A 200,000 strong Chinese forces attacked the UN (United Nations) forces which supported the US.Fearing the intervention of USSR, the UN forces retreated back to the south. James Field JR. goes on to conclude The reason behind citing these instances is that, in the process of assert itself as a superpower, America went so far as to capture the weaker nations. The imperialistic policies of this country have therefore, acted against the very essence of the American Dream i. e. Liberty/exemption. In order for the American Dre am to exist and thrive, the US should not only strengthen its economy, but also act as a responsible nation. This is why the American Dream has and never entrust be feasible.The Idea of the American Dream has become so predominant in todays motto and goals that it is literally ruining people lives. People preeminence up at the proverbial starting line and originate a pissing contest in an attempt to pip degrees, cars and houses at an unreasonable debt, get jobs that we loathe, and max out our credit card game along the way. In the midst of this survival battle, people are property their eyes toward what they were all told about attaining the dream that includes a home, family, and acquiring as many things as we can.So why is the American dream so authoritative to everyone if there is no such thing as it? The first romance that America obtains as a nation is that anybody can succeed with hard work. For everyone to succeed with hard work, that would require equality of fortune , which does not exist because probability differs embed on syllabus and status. The American dream justifies inequality based on loving class by your position in class as a fair reflection of what you deserve. Justifying inequality based on ascribed status attributes inequality to a personal trial or rebelliousness in the minority group.James Tueslow Adams states that the American Dream is a dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or acquirement. Too many of us have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be acknowledge by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position.The United States has always been considered a land of equal opportunities. Peopl e from all over the world have migrated to the US, mainly in search of employment and freedom of religion. However, there are many factors responsible for making America a sought-after destination in order to lead a palmy life. The United States is a nation where the individual, rather than collective population attains center-stage in the process of devising policies, making changes, taking up developmental initiatives, etcetera Alperovitz, and Thomas 18-23) The youth from the Third World nations have always found USA to be attractive for them, the socioeconomic conditions back home are in contrast with those found in America. The freedom which can be experienced in America is nowhere to be found. However, there is also a darker side to the American society which needs to be unders alsod. The American Dream has been flawed by social evils like slavery, racism and latterly by the grand policies of its government.John Mueller author of Captialism, Peace, and the Histroical Movemen t of Ideas writes that, the promissory note of all men are created equal in the Declaration of Independence was rendered meaningless when Negroes were use as slaves (Mueller 169-184). Just like any other nation, America too has its limitations. In order for the American Dream to exist, its a prerequisite to eliminate these social evils prevalent in the American society. The second apologue for the American Dream to exist is that free capitalism is the growing achievement of our democracy. For example Fair employment.

Acceptance Speech †Martin Luther King Essay

Acceptance Speech Martin Luther female monarch was an African American activist and leader who dedicated his life to fighting for equal rights for coloured battalion in America. Grown up in a Baptist family, Christianity held a long fascination for Martin Luther King, which is often reflected in his pitches. In 1964, he received the Nobel two-eyed violet Prize for his achievements in the struggle for equality and independence for coloured people. When receiving the award, Martin Luther King expresses his appreciation by a speech in Oslo.This speech is or so different to his other speeches such as I have a dream or Eulogy as he uses less metaphors and alliterations and not only focuses on racial discrimination in the United States of America. He uses high vocabulary, as he speaks to a highly educated non-American listening in a humble tone. Martin Luther King begins his speech with the words The convolute road which has led from Montgomery to Alabama to Oslo This can be class ified as a metaphor, as tortuous road emphasizes that Negros had to produce humiliation, exploitation and oppression for many years. But this road gave new go for to the people in the United States, as it is said in the speech This road has opened for all Americans a new era of drop dead and hope. This is an extended metaphor that appears throughout the whole paragraph, as he goes on with a superhighway of injustice. These words show that the civil rights impetus cant be stopped anymore and result last bring justice for Negros.Throughout the speech many alliteration occur such asfaith in the future or capable sunup of stillness and brotherhood. These examples show that alliterations point attention to the censure and help to fix the readers mind. It then goes on with the parable Man is more flotsam and jetsam in the river of life. By these words Martin Luther King wants to emphasize that it is possible for everybody to change something in the world, disdain the fact th at people do not have the same opinion.after he says I hold up to accept the view that mankind is so tragically bound to Starless midnight of racism and war that the bright daybreak of peace and brotherhood can never become a truth. By metaphor starless midnight of racism Martin Luther King wants to indicate was thoughtful to something unsolvable or unchangeable. By the words bright daybreak of peace and brotherhood, he which is alike a metaphor, he emphasizes thatpeace and brotherhood exit finally be achieved. However, hese metaphor are very effective as they make the abstract or unknown concrete but it also enlivens the readers imagination. This sentence can also closely be classified as a balanced sentence, as Martin Luther King tells us what to do and what not to do. However, this helps to persuade the audience so stand up for their rights. Throughout the speech many anaphoras occur such as I refuse to accept or I believe that. This rhetorical trick emphasizes Martin Luthe r Kings aim for equal rights all over the world. later(prenominal) on it says I refuse to accept the idea that the is-ness of mans present nature makes him morally incapable of reaching up for the imperishable ought-ness that forever confronts him. Martin Luther King had a vision for how things ought to be. He shows us to refuse to accept things for how they are, and instead strive to find the solution for how they ought to be. Martin Luther King will always remain one of the most influential and greatest liberty fighters in the world. Though his commitment and persuasion, he achieved a lot for Afro American people in the USA.

Pips changing character Essay

Explore how dickens builds atmosphere and reveals aspects of spotlights changing character in three scenes of your choice. A Great Expectation is considered by many to be Charles two greatest novel. Dickens wrote the book from the first person positioning so when reading the book Pip is telling the score afterwards it actually happened. The story is closely the life of Phillip Pirrip (Pip). We follow the growth of Pip. The story follows Pips formation from childhood to adulthood.The story shows us how events in his life transmute his attitudes. Unfortunately instead of growing up to be a humans he turns out a snob. The story is based on how the erstwhile(a) generation uses the younger generation to get back at society. We let out this when Miss havisham says to Estella Well, you can break his flavor. She said this when Estella was complaining about having to play cards with Pip. Miss Havisham wants Estella to break Pips heart because formerly she had her heart broken . Pi p was also being used by Magwitch.Magwitch uses Pip by bringing him to London and bringing him up to be a gentleman. This is getting back at society because society looked down at Magwitch. When Pip visits Miss Havisham for the first time Dickens gives us hemorrhoid of clues to what she will be like before he actually meets her. first of all her house is called Satis house which Estella says Its other name was Satis which is Greek or Latin or Hebrew or all 3 or cardinal to me for ample. This is a warning that Miss Havisham is fed up and had enough of life.Also upon arriving at Miss Havishams house Dickens builds up the atmosphere by writing The cold wind seemed to blow colder in that respect than outside the gate and it made a shrill disturbance in howling in and out at the open sides of the brewery. Like the noise of wind in the rigging of a ship at sea. This creates a gloomy atmosphere and makes the reader think something bad is inside. erstwhile Pip enters Miss Havishams room Dickens writes a split up describing Miss Havisham. HE writes about how she is dressed. She was dressed in rich materials satins and thrashing and silks all of white. Some bright jewels sparkled on her neck and on her manpower. This gives us a good impression of her but then Dickens writes but I saw that everything within my view which ought to be white had been white long ago and had lost its lustre, and was faded and yellow. These represents that she was once happy but mow her life has gone sour and she is bitter. The room in which Miss Havisham was had no source of daylight it was lit by the odd candle. This shows us that there is no light left in her life.

Corporate Governance and its Impact on Firm Risk

This measure period was selected based on the ease of availability of data for the variables. truncated SUMMARY Corporate governance measures like board organize, compensation body structure and ownership structure are determined by one another, and by variables such as try, cash flows, planetary houses size and regulations etc. Firm risk has a role to play in firm performance, because firms that aim more than risk generally have higher returns. Firms that engage in dotty projects are expect to yield better returns that those which lack the appetite to take asks.However, excessive risk victorious may prove to be black-market for a firm Family Ownership and Firm Risk studies the partake of embodied governance (through family control, bank control and ownership concentration) on risk taking of Japanese firms. Bank Ownership and Firm Risk Banks are expected to have low risk-taking preferences and are most likely to avoid untamed ventures. Ownership Structure and Firm Risk Managerial ownership plays a significant role in firms risk-taking.Lesser ownership in this regard may hold back the managers to indulge in risky projects. Board emancipation and Firm Risk Structuring of a firms board of directors also plays a life-and-death role in reducing the agency costs. Therefore, the role Of the executive boards structure is also crucial for the firms value. Non-executive directors on the board of directors, acting on the founder of external shareholders, are generally expected to monitor firm s outline and decision-making in this regard.CRITIQUE The study on bodied governance has received great attention in the past decade or so out-of-pocket to the significant role of bodied governance in enhancing the firms performance. This research has investigated the impact f various corporate governance measures have been on firm performance and firm value. This study can also contribute to the corporate world by incorporate a vast range of corporate govern ance variables in the analysis, including bank ownership, family ownership, managerial ownership and board independence.

Allelopathy Paper Essay

origination Considering the beneficial properties of specifys, not only to us, but the environment as well, it is grand to understand the nature of Allelopathy and how it affects plant ecology. According to the Topics in Biology lab Manuel, allelopathy refers to the beneficial or harmful effectuate of one plant on another plant, by the release of chemicals from plant parts in deuce natural and agricultural systems. By secretion of biochemical materials, allelopathy involves a plants ability to inhibit sprouting or growth of the contact germination.In our exercise, we tested for the presence of allelopathic chemicals in plant shoots and the effect of the allelopathic chemicals (our I. V. ) on the germination and growth (our D. V. ) on radish plant inseminates. The question proposed became, Does bloom source extract affect the germination and growth of radish seeds? Keeping the allelopathic effects in mind, our working hypothesis became, If radish seeds get assailable to the rose leaf extract, because their percent thriving germination and the sightly distance will be less than the percent successful germination and the comely duration of the radish seeds which do not get loose to the Rose leaf extract. Materials For week 1 and week 2 the hobby materials were utilise 10 grams of fresh leaves (rose), sandwich-type plastic bag, a scale, a blender, 100 mL of distilled urine, folded cheesecloth, a funnel, one stock bottle, 3 pieces of filter cover, two Petri dishes, and 40 radish seeds. Methods According to the Topics in Biology Laboratory Manuel, the examine was conducted as follows First we requisite to collect fresh leaves from one plant species, and consume up a plastic sandwich bag, which we were to bring with us to the lab. succeeding(a) in ancestors we were to weigh 10 grams of leaves from the one plant species and place the measurable sample in a blender. Next we added the 100 mL of distilled water to the blender. Holding the lid of the blender, we commix the mixture completely. Then we move roughly folded cheesecloth into a funnel and sat it into a stock bottle. Finally we poured the blended mixture through the funnel/cheesecloth to filter the solution. To test the Allelopathic effects, we then needed to place 3 pieces of filter paper in each of the bottoms of the two Petri dishes.In one Petri dish (labeled with the leaf extract) we added 10 mL of the filtered solution, so that it soaked the filter paper layers. In the second Petri dish (labeled constraint), we added 10 mL of distilled water so that the water soaked the filter paper layers as well. Next in each of the Petri dished we added 20 radish seeds on top of the 3 pieces of filter paper, evenly spaced. Then we placed another piece of filter paper on top of the seeds in both dishes. Finally, we placed the lids on top of both Petri dishes to prevent un payable evaporation and stored them at room temperature, giving them a week to germinate, then be evaluated.Results For our results, after careful observations and measurements, the percentages of successful germination were as follows For the data-based group, that is the group treated with extract, had a 70% success rate in which 14 of the 20 radish seeds had sprouts. However, the Control group, which had been treated with distilled water, had an 85% of successful germination in which 17 of the 20 seeds had sprouted. When comparing the seedlings duration, the experimental group recorded 3. 0 mm cosmos the shortest, and 13. 0 mm being the longest, making 4. mm the average length of the seedlings, all which is indicated on the following two pages by bar graph representations on average seed length and percentage rates of both groups. When looking at the control group, however, the shortest length measured was 12. 0 mm and the longest was 62. 0 mm, making their average 42. 0 mm. When observing each of the radish seeds conditions, it was obvious that the control group produced healthier, more vibrant seedlings with an extended root system and hair. However the experimental group contained more so dry, yellow seeds with little to no root hair.Discussion When observing the results of the Allelopathy experiment, it is evident that the results weigh and indeed support my hypothesis which stated that, If radish seeds get exposed to the rose leaf extract, then their percent successful germination and the average length will be less than the percent successful germination and the average length of the radish seeds which do not get exposed to the Rose leaf extract. So again when comparing the average length of seedlings between the control group and the experimental group, there really is no comparison the experimental group had a mere 4. mm length verses that of the control group which had a remarkable 42. 0 mm length. Although storied both had a high percentage rate of germination, it really comes squander to Allelopathy and the competitive chemical warfa re, present in our experimental group. As for departure room for error, a number of problems could have taken place, such as if small amounts of water needed to be added to re-saturate the filter paper, or if fungus appeared due to the high temperatures, etc. Over all I believe the experiment did a good job of explaining and demonstrating the Allelopathic effects on plant economy.

Acct 559 Quiz 1 Solution

Quiz I (Chapters 1and 2) Date Name ID Answer the followers Questions1. Tower Inc. owns 30% of Yale Co. and applies the lawfulness method. During the current year, Tower bought scrutinize toll $66,000 and then change it to Yale for $120,000. At year-end, only $24,000 of merchandise was still world held by Yale. What amount of inter- guild inventory profit mustiness be deferred by Tower? A. $6,480 B. $3,240 C. $10,800 D. $16,200 E. $6,6102. All of the succeeding(a) statements regarding the investment funds written report using the average-mindedness method argon legitimate except A. The investment is put down at comprise B.Dividends prevaild be reported as revenue C. benefit income of investee increases the investment account D. Dividends received reduce the investment account E. amortization of sporting value over cost reduces the investment account3. After exclusivelyocating cost in excess of book value, which asset or liability would non be amortized over a use ful life? A. Cost of goods change B. Property, plant, & equipment C. Patents D. Goodwill E. Bonds payable4. A fraternity should always use the equity method to account for an investment if A. it has the ability to deed significant forge over the operating policies of the investee.B. it owns 30% of another companys stock. C. it has a controlling involution (more than 50%) of another companys stock. D. the investment was made primarily to earn a return on excess cash. E. it does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating policies of the investee.5. An upstream sale of inventory is a sale A. between subsidiaries owned by a jet parent. B. with the transfer of goods scheduled by contract to occur on a specified afterlife meshing. C. in which the goods are physically transported by gravy boat from a infantryman to its parent. D. ade by the investor to the investee. E. made by the investee to the investor.6. In a situation where the investor exer cises significant influence over the investee, which of the following entries is not actually posted to the books of the investor?1) Debit to the Investment account and a honorable mention to the Equity in Investee Income account.2) Debit to Cash (for dividends received from the investee) and a character reference to Dividend Revenue.3) Debit to Cash (for dividends received from the investee) and a Credit to the Investment account. A. Entries 1 and 2 B. Entries 2 and 3 C. Entry 1 only D.Entry 2 only E. Entry 3 only7. All of the following statements regarding the investment account using the equity method are true except A. The investment is recorded at cost B. Dividends received are reported as revenue C. Net income of investee increases the investment account D. Dividends received reduce the investment account E. Amortization of fairish value over cost reduces the investment account8. A company has been using the fair-value method to account for its investment. The company with out delay has the ability to significantly control the investee and the equity method has been deemed appropriate.Which of the following statements is true? A. A cumulative effect change in method of history dogma must occur B. A prospective change in accounting dominion must occur C. A retrospective change in accounting principle must occur D. The investor will not receive future dividends from the investee E. Future dividends will stop to be recorded as revenue9. A company has been using the equity method to account for its investment. The company sells shares and does not continue to have significant control. Which of the following statements is true? A. A cumulative effect change in accounting principle must occur B. A prospective change in accounting principle must occur C. A retrospective change in accounting principle must occur D. The investor will not receive future dividends from the investee E. Future dividends will continue to reduce the investment account10. After allocating cost in excess of book value, which asset or liability would not be amortized over a useful life? A. Cost of goods sold B. Property, plant, & equipment C. Patents D. Goodwill E. Bonds payable11. How are stock exit be and call combining be tough in a business combination which is accounted for as an erudition when the subsidiary will retain its in breadbasket? A. fund issuance costs are a part of the acquisition costs and the direct combination costs are expensed B. occupy combination costs are a part of the acquisition costs and the stock issuance costs are a reduction to additional paid-in capital C. Direct combination costs are expensed and stock issuance costs are a reduction to additional paid-in capital D. twain are handle as part of the acquisition price E. Both are treated as a reduction to additional paid-in capital12. Lisa Co. paid cash for all of the voting car park stock of Victoria Corp. Victoria will continue to exist as a separate corporation. Entries for the consolidation of Lisa and Victoria would be recorded in A. A worksheet B. Lisas general ledger C. Victorias general journal D. Victorias secret consolidation journal E. The general journals of both companies13. At the date of an acquisition which is not a bar pretend purchase, the acquisition method A. Consolidates the subsidiarys assets at fair value and the liabilities at book value B.Consolidates all subsidiary assets and liabilities at book value C. Consolidates all subsidiary assets and liabilities at fair value D. Consolidates current assets and liabilities at book value, long-term assets and liabilities at fair value E. Consolidates the subsidiarys assets at book value and the liabilities at fair value14. Which of the following statements is true regarding a statutory consolidation? A. The original companies dissolve bandage remaining as separate divisions of a newly created company B. Both companies remain in existence as legal corporations with one corpora tion now a subsidiary of the acquiring company C.The acquired company dissolves as a separate corporation and becomes a division of the acquiring company D. The acquiring company acquires the stock of the acquired company as an investment E. A statutory consolidation is no longer a legal option15. In a transaction accounted for using the purchase method where cost is slight than fair value which statement is true? A. Negative goodwill is recorded B. A deferred credit is recorded C. Long-term assets of the acquired company are reduce in equipoise to their fair determine. Any excess is recorded as a deferred credit D.Long-term assets of the acquired company are reduced in proportion to their fair values. Any excess is recorded as an extraordinary gain E. Long-term assets and liabilities of the acquired company are reduced in proportion to their fair values. Any excess is recorded as an extraordinary gain16. In a purchase or acquisition where control is achieved, how would the let down accounts of the parent and the land accounts of the subsidiary be combined? A. Entry A B. Entry B C. Entry C D. Entry D E. Entry E17. In a pooling of interests, A.Revenues and expenses are consolidated for the entire fiscal year, even if the combination occurred late in the year B. Goodwill whitethorn be recognized C. consolidation is accomplished using the fair values of both companies D. The transactions may involve the exchange of preferred stock or debt securities as tumesce as gross stock E. The transaction is properly regarded as an acquisition of one company by another Prior to beingness joined in a business combination, Botkins Inc. and Volkerson Corp. had the following stockholders equity figures Botkins issued 56,000 new shares of its viridity stock valued at $3. 5 per share for all of the enceinte stock of Volkerson.18. Assume that Botkins acquired Volkerson as a purchase combination. Immediately afterwards, what are consolidated Additional Paid-In Capital an d Retained Earnings, respectively? A. $133,000 and $360,000 B. $236,000 and $360,000 C. $130,000 and $360,000 D. $236,000 and $490,000 E. $133,000 and $490,00019. Assume that Botkins and Volkerson were being joined in a pooling of interests and this occurred on January 1, 2000, using the same values given. Immediately afterwards, what is consolidated Additional Paid-In Capital? A. 138,000 B. $266,000 C. $130,000 D. $236,000 E. $135,00020. Chapel Hill follow had habitual stock of $350,000 and retained earnings of $490,000. Blue Town Inc. had common stock of $700,000 and retained earnings of $980,000. On January 1, 2009, Blue Town issued 34,000 shares of common stock with a $12 par value and a $35 fair value for all of Chapel Hill Companys outstanding common stock. This combination was accounted for as an acquisition. Immediately after the combination, what was the consolidated net assets? A. $2,520,000 B. $1,190,000 C. $1,680,000 D. $2,870,000 E. $2,030,000

Richards Story

Apart from disfigurement, other psychosocial issues Richard might face embroil but are not limited to sleep disorder, fear and misgiving around open flames, depression, loose of self-esteem and PTSD. Additional precaution of necessity to be taken to make sure Richard maintains some functions in his fire fingers. Some of these precautions should be occupational therapy and physical therapy. Due Richard was burnt in the face, other systems may be compromised.The systems that could be affected are the respiratory system (because his nose could be burnt), the digestive system (because if his mouth is affected, so his qualification to eat, chew or drink might be impeded. ) and ofcourse his queasy system as the nerves in his face leave be dead. Based on the fact that Richard is losing a lot of body eloquent his nutritional needs are high protein food, water, high calorie drinks, fruits and vegetable, and greasy food because fat is a readily available source of energy. uncomplete t hickness burn is extremely painful because most of the nerve endings which note and interpret pain and sensation are located in the dermis where partial thickness burn occurs. Partial thickness burn would cure faster because it is not as deep into the discase and therefore pare rejuvenation is more possible. Functions compromised by the burn on Richards pare are the ability to secret sweat, the ability to convert sun to vitamin D, ability to protect against infection, ability to regulate temperature and the ability to protect against infection.Other scratch functions that should be a concern to the medical staff is that Richards sputter will stand the ability to store blood and there will be no wander product. His skin will also lose the ability to maintain water and salt balance. It is unlikely for Richard to grow sensory blur to cover the scars on his chest because his hair follicles in the burnt discipline are damaged and there can be no more hair growth because of this. Also the scar waver is covering the pores from which hair sprouts. During the first phase of wound healing, inflammation takes place first. Blisters orm on the outermost edges of the burns as the wounds begin to form scabs. Formation of granulation tissue will not lead to normal appearing/ formation of skin as Richard heals. This is because granulation tissue is scar tissue and scar tissue does not appear normal or allow hair growth or normal skin function. Some long term consequences hold the inability to regulate temperature and feel pain because of the dead nerve endings at the site of the burn. Numbness may occur, his body will not be able to secret sweat and he might gain charge because of this.

Electronic Health Records: the Good and the Bad Essay

The electronic Health Record (EHR) is an electronic record of patient health data created by one or more encounters in any commission delivery setting. The selective information included in an EHR atomic number 18 patient demographics, pass off nones, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports. EHRs are designed to reach proscribed beyond the health organization that primitively collects and complies information (Zerwekh and Zerwekh Garneau, 2014 p.541). It focuses on the complete heath of the patient.EHR introduction into the health cope system can be viewed as an innovation (Advanced come Nurses, 2013). forrader EHRs, access to medical charts required a fair amount of time, each patient that visited the office or hospital, their file had to be physically pulled. EHRs urinate eliminated that hassle, not only do they inflict time, but also reduce errors. EHRs are more legible because there is no hand w ritten material and they are always up to date (Zerwekh and Zerwekh Garneau, 2014 p. 542). The EHR has the potential to improve the prime(a) and safety of patient care when used correctly. It can improve parley with medication safety. EHRs improve safety by reducing adverse dose events with alerts, reminders, and potential drug interactions (Advanced Practice Nurses, 2013).An important disadvantage of EHRs are HIPPA violations. Since EHRs part with for easier access to sensitive information, there is an increased risk of privacy violations. gage policies must be explicit and well defined (Zerwekh and Zerwekh Garneau, 2014 p. 535). HIPPA violations are not to be taken lightly, serious consequences can occur.The use of health information technology may improve health care quality, but it has its disadvantages. technology is growing and changing constantly, it important to stay informed. The good can out way the bad, as long as policies are followed.ReferencesNarcisse, M., Ki ppenbrock, T. A., Odell, E., and Buron, B. (2013). Advanced Practice NursesMeaningful use of Electronic Health Records, Retrieved from www.elsevier.com/locate/apnr Zerwekh, J., & Zerwekh Garneau, A. (2014). treat Today transitions and trends, Eighth Edition, 535-542.

Building a Local Fashion Brand

Executive Summary This theme is prep bed on the basis of a survey on a local anesthetic counterfeit marking (Dishes Doss), & its a survey to create this blade as a solid mail. The concept of seting has been around for centuries as a meaner to distinguish the goods of one producer from those of another. In fact the word flaw is derived from the Old Norse word tick offer, which meaner to burn, as de melodyitys were and still be the meaner. crosss let on the source or blader of a product and entirelyow consumers to fate responsibility to a position manufacturer or distributor. Most historic, grades pullulate on special meaning to consumers.Because of past figures with the product and its marketing class over these years, consumers find out which brands satisfy their needs and which one do not. As a result, brands provide a shortened device or meaner of simplification for their product decisions. Building a brand is a trample by step process. There are quad steps or six blocks to build up a brand. Here we applied all the steps or blocks to find out the present brand office staff of Dishes Doss. In order of these steps or blocks we made a inquirer of 69 questions held a survey on 50 concourse.After the survey we convince the result onto percentage and put it into graph to show the situation. The topic has been chooseed to twist some local fashion brands (dishes Doss). A major objective of the report is to make customer base equity for these brands. After flying fielding the steps of a brand structure, we surveyed the in arrive atation of these brands, on the basis of brand building. 1. 1 . Introduction To build up a brand two questions practically arises What makes a brand depend open? And how do you build a strong brand? To help to find out we use up about the closure model which has four steps or six blocks.Beside this marketer scene two questions are What o different brands mean to customer? And how does the brand sc rewledge of consumers affect their response to marketing activity? The challenge for marketers in building a strong brand is ensuring that customers have the right example of experiences with products and services and their accompanying marketing programs so that the desired thoughts, touch sensationings, images, beliefs, perceptions, opinions, and so on run short joined to the brand. 1. 2. Origin of the report sword is a in truth sensitive issue to the marketing people and is a very important issue to the customer.Because a strong brand tush create a very highly demand of a reduce of a particular brand. To build up a strong brand one should to screw so many things, he/she have to go with a four step procedures. And in this report we tried to focus on building a brand as a strong brand for that we select a local fashion brand. 1. 3. Objectives of the study We make a study to know the Brand identity, meaning, response, relationship with the customers. We tried to know that i s the customers are satisfied, dissatisfied, mingled about the brand, its service, products and the overall factors.The core or the main objective of the study is to building a local fashion brand. To find the robbers, and scope of a local fashion brand build it as a strong brand. 1. 4. Methodology We make a survey on Dishes Doss, which is a local fashion brand with ten famous local fashion brands. We make a questioner consisting 69 questions, on the basis of brand building in categories. Then take a sample of 50 people of different age, gender, occupation who use these brands. After perplexting the answers, we measured the level of satisfaction, dissatisfaction, confusion on different level of brand building. . 5. Limitations of the study We are in our formal education stage. So this is our first assignment which is n the basis of the practical experience in real life. So, our lack of experience greatly influenced in preparing this report. We faced some other limitations that a re presumptuousness bellow * It is too much difficult to comment and suggest based on few days study. Assignment report is important to carry out the Brand Management course, but we do not have teeming time for such a detailed process. * Lack of collecting natural data information. * The survey is not 100% accurate. The four steps of brand building The four steps of brand building represent a set of questions that customers invariably ask about brands. The questions are as follows 1. Who are you? (Brand identity) 2. What are you? (Brand meaning) 3. What about you? What do I rally or feel about you? (Brand response) 4. What about you me? What kind of association and how much of a connection would I like to have with you? (Brand relationships) By establishing the answer of these questions marketer can build a strong brand in the market among the customers.When customers get a clear answer of their question from the marketer then it become easy to make a decision about the brand . When marketer able to establish he answer of the question then they are on the way of building a strong brand. 2. 1. 1 . Brand individuality/salience Achieving the right brand identity meaner brand salience with the customers. Brand salience measure awake(predicate)ness of the brand, that indicate is the customer are aware of the brand or not? Or how often and how easily the brand is identified by the customer in order of various situations and peck?We have said that brand awareness refers to customer ability to forswear and recognize the brand under different conditions and to link the brand name, logo, symbol, and so forth to certain association in memory. Here we will know about the depth and the comprehensiveness of awareness thus gives the product an identity by linking brand elements to a product category and associated purchase and use or usage situations. Brand depth measure that how likely or easily the brand element come to the mind of customers brand breadth meas ure the range of purchase usage situation in which the brand element come to the mind. . 1. 2. Brand Meaning/Performance Imagery The brand proceeding describe how well the product or service meets customers more(prenominal) functional needs. How well does the brand rate on objective assessments of temporalty? To what extent does the brand satisfy utilitarian, aesthetic, and economic customer needs and wants in the product or service category? Five types of attributes and benefits often underlie brand performance, as follows 1. Primary ingredients and supplementary features. 2. Product reliability, durability, and serviceability. 3. Service effectiveness, efficiency, and empathy. 4.Style and design. 5. Price. 2. 1. 3. Brand Response/judgment & feelings Brand image indicate a brand picture in a customer mind. Brand imagery depends on the extrinsic properties of the producer or service, including the ways in which the rand attempts to meet customer psychological or social needs . In this way people think about a brand abstractly, rather then what they think the brand actually does. Thus imagery refers to more intangible aspects of the brand, and consumers can form imagery association directly from their own experience or indirectly through some other source of information.Many kinds of intangibles can be linked to a brand, but four main ones are 1. User profiles. 2. grease ones palms and usage situations. 3. Personality and values. 4. History, heritage, and experiences. Brand sagacitys are customers personal opinions about and evaluations of the rand, which consumers form by putting together all the different brand performance and imagery associations. The four types of brand Judgments are important, they are 1 . Judgment about brand quality, 2. Brand Credibility, 3. Brand Consideration, 4. Brand Superiority. 2. 1. 4.Brand Relationship/ sonority Brand resonance describes the nature of the relationship and the extent to which customers feel that they are i n sync with the brands. Resonance is characterized in terms of intensity, or the depth of psychological bonds that customers have with the brands, as well as the level of activity engendered by this loyalty.

PEST analysis for banks Essay

The sustainability of DCB Bank agenda has spread out rapidly. It reflects the companys increasing focus on the wider nature of lineage and made the stakeholders growing interests in competitive world of business. There is straightaway a great awareness about the global challenges such(prenominal) as climate changes, poverty, scarcity of resources, and demographic shifting. The responses came from the government and from different businesses, as intumesce as the non-profit organization helpered DCB Bank made it possible for the sustainability.Economic compendium The approach to the sustainability program is useful and encourages DCB to be open and transparent to the issues such as the initiatives in further research and development, dialogue with the government and several(a) organizations, and their priorities. DCB Bank enable to broaden their focus on corporate obligation to prove that they play an essential role in establishing an economic gain in the country where they operate. Social AnalysisThe sustainability strategy focuses in their intention to improve the value of the business and their stakeholders. They give importance on the customers and clients such as maintaining the understanding of their needs and promoting the company by measuring satisfaction. It rotter be only possible by focusing of their global military operation by their assurance to develop an innovative solution and enhancing performance. On the some other hand, the people working with DCB Bank make a great emolument in the performance of the business.In addition, they attract employees to collect the talent, develop them check to the competent world, and retaining them as much as possible. Technological Analysis DCB uses the inwardness of technology for their business especially in the areas of Agri and Inclusive banking. Their aim to help the people in fight against poverty is possible through their financial system. The technology makes it possible to empower the sy stem and establish a competitive advantage. Pioneering the new ideas, adding the skills and operational excellence are part of the guiding belief of the organization.

Benefit of cloud computing and example Essay

Cloud reckoning provides numerous different logical argument well-beings to business that choose to workout to the services. First benefit that the cloud cipher offers is the ability to afford the service, cloud computing is really financially afford adequate to(p) for business. Using the service of cloud computing, business is able to save money, able to avoid taxing-in-house systems unnecessarily. Refer to the example from this case, amazon, cloud computing is the biggest payer, only charges business charges businesses for what they use. Cloud business leave behind charge a monthly payment or yearly payment, this will difficult to or so businesses because they dont go to bed whether the service will satisfy for the business or not. Cloud computing is an affordable service for large and trivial businesses. And cloud computing offer from financial standpoint, that business can use Amazons IT root and pay a smaller quantity instead of creating their own IT infrastructure . Moreover, the benefits of cloud computing is correct business in the new way, flexible computing power and info storage, provide data management.Zynga uses these benefits to maximize their experience with their usage of cloud computing, this community is using Amazon Web run (AWS). When Zynga release new games, they dont know what amount of computing resource to dedicate to the games. If they using cloud computing (Amazon cloud computing) it will benefits to them because whether their games will be popular or not, it will help them to save money. In case their games are popular, they can impinge on it to the companys own private cloud computing (zCloud). The bformer(a) that they solveIn this case Zynga is using Amazon Web service (AWS) to solve by release their new games to Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. This helps Zynga to increase their efficiency and can save the money in the immense run. Secondly, it can solve the problem about capacity of advertising to entry a coup on promotion. Example from this case study, Outback steakhouse wasnt sure how popular an upcoming coupon promotion would be, so the company use Microsofts Azure cloud to launch promotion. Inter Thirdly, InterContinential Hotels has revamped its infrastructure to include both private and public cloud usage to improve response time for customers, so customers will receive data fast-paced if the data are located on a server. Lastly, IBM, Cisco and other traditional data center giants realize that cloud computing is bane to their technology infrastructure business, the solution is to rising computing costs, they have been centering their customers toward virtualization software, which allows them to run many more applications on each individual server that they buy.

Barilla Spa Case Report

Executive Summary As per our conversation last week I would like to revisit the caprice primitively brought to life by Brando Vitali forwards he was promoted to head superstar of our companys clean divisions overseas. In put in to cut across the issue which entrust be a maneuver result of introduction of JIT diffusion transcription, I would like to present the issues and my recomm blockadeations to you before our conflict with Marconis executives to discuss JITD project.As the meeting is scheduled for the of November I would like to interpret your thoughts on JITD before the end of this month so I heap spring appropriate changes to point of reference any issues you business leader foresee as a direct result of our proposal. The ending to adopt the Just-in-Time dispersion provide most likely be met with our gross revenue and marketing teams opposite to change. Our old-fashi wizd diffusion system has been nurtured since the early development of our impart of dissemination.Promotions and advertize were key to our mastery of achieving a original level of trust indoors our come frontwards concatenation both intern every last(predicate)y and extern building blocky. I recommend a staged slaying of the JITD to award our faculty to adapt to our untried school of thought. Our dispersal net trifles could become much efficient quite than cosmos all most relationships based on pushing the increase out of our facilities. It appears that our affix Chain executives ar not looking for ways to chasten go off indoors our dispersion transmit as we be not plane neat on how we measure our success.Applying operate principles to our Supply Chain is misleading to our rung as they think their job security measure is on the line. This is met with internal thrustance that ask to be turn to before we can communicate the advantages and benefits of JITD to our external diffusion networks. I believe that Vitalis speak to entr ust fit our new Supply Chain management strategy of Just-in-Time Distribution which allow allow us to ship yields as consumeed, rather than building enormous inception to deal with vaporiz adapted bespeak patterns.We need to break d admit the silos and secrecy of our distribution processes to our customers to allow for more efficient channels of distribution. A more transp arnt approach with fewer layers along the way go away allow for a much more efficient Supply Chain. Working close with our distributors will allow us to degrade our receive inventory and manufacturing personifys along the way. We also need to consider our own forecasting systems to construct the trust within our channels of distribution.Scheduled monthly meeting will allow for an feed dialogue amid various groups that big businessman be abnormal by this implementation. I believe that open lines of communication both internally and externally will contribute to the ultimate success of JITD imple mentation. We will prolong to overlay issues as they come up to ensure the peace of mind of those who will be touch on the most. We need to be more conciliative to address problems and bottle necks of our distributors as that would be crucial to success of JITD.The main estimation we need to communicate across our Supply Chain is that JITD would allow us to consume waste and bestow rid of unembellished layers which our in the way of addressing our issue of volatile demand patters which result in stockouts. Giorgio Maggali, MBA, SCMP handler of Materials Management saltwort Fresh Products assemblage October 16, 2012 samphire Spa Case study Issue Identification As the decision maker in this case I believe that the main issue presented in this case study is resistance to change.To be more specific, DOs (Organized Distributors) resistance to adopt a new Just-in-Time distribution (JITD) system which would re federal agency the old-fashioned distribution system used by Baril las Supply Chain conventionally. This traditional distribution system has always been viewed as a successful one, as it worked for everyone within the channels of distribution supplying ironical ingatherings to supermarket chains and free supermarkets. in that location was a certain level of trust achieved amidst the marketing group, sales reps and defileers who are a part of the Supply Chain built just approximately trade publicitys.DOs expectations of stalk trade promotions were considered the only authority to exist reduction during the canvass periods where distributors were able to buy as much overlap as desired to meet flow and coming(prenominal) inescapably. This is a well nurtured traditional system which besidesk a chew of years to develop. environmental and Root Cause Analysis more or less 65% of Barillas change products were supplied through outside distributors to supermarket chains and independent supermarkets who would eventually get the product int o the adjudge of the ultimate user.Distributors would receive their product from one of the two Barillas profound distribution centers (CDCs) where movement of product would be assessed based on its category which would be either teetotal or chic. Barilla maintained assorted distribution systems for its dry and fresh products due to their differences in perishability and retail value askments. Brando Vitalis JITD proposal focused solely on dry products sold through Barillas distributors who I am going to examine. There is an industry culture around the supply and demand of Barilla products.Internal and external political science are at the root brace of the resistance to change around the distribution channels. There are issues that Barilla inescapably to address internally before the idea of JITD can come to life externally. Barillas sales and marketing staff office prepare expressed a crop of c at a timerns because this new ism could potentially cost some staff and executives their jobs from the canful to the communicate of the sales organization as it is substantial further. Sales executives are clinging to the idea of promotion based strategy which the old-fashioned distribution system is based around.This is not a good sign as efforts to centre be should be made from all aspects of the Supply Chain Management. Executives should be refer with strength of their supply chains from different tiers of suppliers all the way thru different tiers of their customers until the product r separatelyes its ultimate user. Barilla executives are not looking for ways to strike down waste within their distribution channels as its not even clear how they measure success of their sales gist. Barillas distribution network is only based around relationships, not necessarily around efficiency of their supply chain.They should be looking at ways to rid of waste, even if it means leaning out their sales force and only keeping those who truly fulfill wel l. Staff will always resist change as it is uncertainty that scares everyone when new ideas are introduced within an organization, especially if it might put their job security on the line. Once the internal issues are addressed and the new philosophy starts taking antecedence they can actionively communicate JITD to their DO channels. Sales reps would be successful at communicating the ideas and benefits of JITD system to the buyers of the Organized Distributors.Those buyers would thence facilitate the flow of this reading from the bottom to the top of the organization before a meeting can take place with Marconi and other DOs. Alternatives and/or Options Giver the current situation, I believe there are only two elections to consider here. head start one is to remain status quo and do work the risk of stockouts as the effect of fluctuate demand which due to variation in demand leads to cost increases. The other option would be to embrace the new philosophy of JITD internally and communicate it further have the supply chain to the DOs.Brando Vitali had it right all along with the idea he referred to as Just-in-Time Distribution (JITD) which was modelled after the renowned Just-in-Time manufacturing concept. His philosophy was to consider JITD as a sell tool rather that a nemesis to sales. Vitalis view was that as a supply chain we should focus on demand from end user as that is the supply we trying to address at the time its required. In order to effectively address the issues of fluctuating demand we need to be able to reply to unexpectedly high demand from the end-consumer and the quick way to do that would be to forefend as many layers as possible.Additional inventories to stamp down fluctuations costs money, costs of maintaining certain service levels should also be taken into consideration. instead than filling distributors demand, according to their planning department, we should be looking at distributors data nowadays and only send what is needed rather than supply distributors with inventory they can hold to anticipate demand swings. By doing so, we would be able to repair operations for ourselves and our customers if we were prudent for ascertain the quantities and delivery schedules.This will allow us to further reduce costs as transportation could be handled by our CDCs based on sales flashiness variations. Recommendation and Implementation I recommend the JITD system as it will address the stockouts issues were currently experiencing as the effect of fluctuating demand. Our distributors already carry too much inventory (see Exhibit 13) which doesnt resolve the stockouts issues were seeing patronage the fact that they are holding a couple of weeks inventory.We should be able to improve operations for our distributors if we were allowed to be responsible for determining quantities and delivery schedules based on end users demand. This would allow us to ship product as per demand required rather than trying t o manufacture stock too large enough to supply both of our facilities. furthermore we would be able to reduce our own distribution, inventory and manufacturing costs and pass those savings onto our customers if we didnt have to worry about volatile demand patterns.Ultimately this will work the same way it does with Barilla sales representatives assisting with setting up in-store promotions analyzing competitive study including competitors prices, stockouts and new product additions. This would be effective because no one knows our product mitigate than we do. If our sales reps are allowed at distribution facilities, they would be able to assist, gather and exchange a lot of valuable information about our needs and those of our DOs. The more we know about each others business the better off our Supply Chain will be.The fewer layers we have, the quicker we can get our product to our ultimate customers reducing our own inventory and manufacturing costs along the way. Well have to i mprove our own forecasting systems of function as it is imperative to our business that our distributors have that extra confidence in our abilities. monitor lizard and Control This sort of an idea would require a lot of back and forth communication both internally and externally. sweep up functional teams would be required to address issues and concerns which might arise from this sort of implementation.The whole process should be done in stages to allow staff to adapt to the changes gradually. belongings everyone informed would be key as the only way to reassure staff and address uncertainty would be to build up them on pros on cons of the system being brought to life. Regularly scheduled monthly meetings are an absolute must to address issues as they arise. New KPIs should be understandably communicated to the sale reps. Our reps should be clear on all of the aspects of JITD implementation as they would meet an important role of facilitating the flow of information down the Supply Chain.Once DOs are up to speed on JITD, a simulation should be considered with external distributors to submit the benefits of the new distribution system once it is implemented. Inviting DO representatives to see our manufacturing facilities and addressing their concerns with solutions would go along way on establishing rapport and strengthen relationships. Probing and addressing bottle necks of our distributors with JITD would also be beneficial to everyone as our ability to eliminate wastes and get rid of extra layers would reduce costs across the Supply Chain.

Literature As A Revolutionary Tool For American

In tandem with literacy, lit has become unity of the leading vehicles for social criticism in Ameri preempt history. It amplifies the authors voice, reverberating it throughout the nation, moulding the history of the States by changing the opinions of the mass on certain issues. It target induce cries of hope and merri workforcet, like washbasin Winthrops sermon A Model of Christian Charity, which speaks about the rose-colored prospect of America as the metropolis upon a cumulus (Winthrop, 84). But it place alike chivvy the noniceable cries viciously proposeing out the do by flaws embedded in this more than hone union (U.S. Const. Preamble)the existence of slavery, racism, ethnocentrism and the absence of sexual practice equality. While reading this textbook, it is important to move on in mind the question of intentwhy a certain gather of literature was write and why during that particular(prenominal) time period and not another. In any case, major operations i n American literature leading up to the nineteenth Century are not irresponsible or random they are on the whole interrelated by a suffice and effect, wherein one movement inspires the critical retort of another.The arrival of the Puritans in the sixteenth degree Celsius brought religious literature into the New World, more specifically ermons such as bottom Winthrops A Model of Christian Charity, which grounded the principles require for this infant colony to become the City Upon A Hill (Winthrop, 84). Winthrops sermon was an concerned work of criticism towards the European bodily structure of rules of send, where social class and bloodline would inherently determine a persons fate in life.Winthrop modeled prospective America harmonize to everything the mature World was notit would be a country where the riche and mighty should not eate up the poore, nor the poore, (81) where the people must retire one another with a unmingled hearte fervently eare one another burthen s and not looke lone(prenominal) on their owne things, save also on the things of their brethren (83). This model appealed to the serfs and peasants of Europe because it promoted equality, a theory not unfamiliar only unattainable to the people belonging to the everyplaceage World.Although inequality established by the Old World caste system would afterward be abolished in the New World, sexuality inequality still remained to be a prevalent form of inequality amongst the peoplenotice that Winthrop calls out for equality among the brethren (83) and not sistren, which is the female equivalent of it. Over deuce centuries later, Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter would be publish in 1850, criticizing the g winduper inequality inwardly the glorified Puritan Model of Christian Charity. Hawthorne points out this flaw by having Hester Prynne, the woman, abye for her sins by public shame and ostracization whereas Dimmesdale, the man, can success amply conceal his sins, albeit it at a great cost in the end. This contrariety between the experiences of the opposite sex point out the imperfections within Puritan federation as well as indian lodge in the 19th carbon. On the result of inequality, ccompanied by women were black slaves who received the shortest end of the stick of equality.Following the American Independence in 1774, early 19th century American literature mainly comprised of semipolitical documents such as The Declaration ot Independence ot 1776, which was written witn the intention to petition tor redress (US, 1776), which in this case would be independence from the British capital. The document itself is a social followup on the monarchial system of the British Empire. By listing the history of repeated injuries and ravishment (US, 1776)) inflicted upon the American Colonies, the drafters of The Declaration ofIndependence are explicitly condemning the tyrannical Imperial frame that dominated Europe and the Kingdom of not bad(p) Brit ain throughout history. Almost a century later, the emergence of abolitionist sponsored slave narratives in the 19th century allowed for the direct recap of Americas hypocritical claim that the British Crownthe Tyrantwas unfit to be the swayer of the free people whichlater emphasizeexcluded the black community.While the fourth of July is often associated with the joyous celebration of independence, in the perspective of salient African-American abolitionist Fredrick Douglass, the fourth of July is eferred to as the particular day that reveals to the Negro the gross mischief and cruelty to which he is the constant dupe of (Douglass, The Fourth of July). The Fourth of July is yours the white citizens, not mine the blacks Douglass said in his 1852 lecturing The Meaning of July Fourth to the Negro. His statement summarizes the particular that the basic rights the whites were born with were not considered as rights or even privileges for the blacksfree or enslaved. Fast-forward to post civil war in 1983 Mark Twain publishes Puddnhead Wilson, a tragic comedy criticizing the lack of ights given to slaves. In the conclusion, the creditors of the Driscoll estate claim fake tom tur discover as their lawful property (Twain, 122). This reference to property can be viewed as criticism towards the tyrannical Court Case Dred Scott v.Stanford in 1857, where test Taney ruled Scott, the slave, as property and because cannot be freed, despite setting al-Qaeda on a free state, because it would be depriving a person of property without repayable process or Just recompense which violates the 5th Amendment. The comic tragedy of Puddnhead Wilson, then, serves as a critical pprobrium directed upon the unfair ways in which the slaves were treated. The philosophical movement known as transcendentalism began its short, but impactful lifespan during the 1820s and 1830s.Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are among the noted icons of the transcendentalist movement. Th e transcendentalist movement began as criticism towards society and its institutionsparticularly organized religion and political parties. Influenced by Romanticism, the transcendentalists respected the individual life story and the natural world, believing that divinity was amaze in nature and each person. In his essay Self-Reliance, Emerson compares an institution to the lengthened rear end of one man (Emerson, 26).Self-Reliance circles itself around the conceit of Individualism where imitation is suicide (20), so this comparison suggests that organizations teach principles based on the ideas of a single person, forcing everyone else to conform to the ideas of a man other than themselvesa concept condemned by transcendentalists. Transcendentalism also include the core thought that all men were inherently gooda belief that would later breed a exclusively different generation of writers. Herman Melville was among the writers who advocated ealism, the antithesis of all things amatory or transcendental.His novella Bartleby tells the story of a scrivener named Bartleby. Like Thoreau, Bartleby is a nonoperational resistor. However, while Thoreau argues that his act ot passive resistance trees him, Bartlebys passivity provokes the narrator to confront him, and ultimately, his refusal to submit authority results in his self-inflicted death. Furthermore, although Thoreau considers solitude as his most companionable (Thoreau, 88) companion, Bartlebys loneness was the cause for his boss mention on his incurably forlorn (Melville, 9) ppearance.The key difference between transcendentalism and pragmatism isnt very far fetchedone is optimistic while the other is realistically disturbedwhile Thoreaus passive resistance liberates him and allows him to fully express himself, Bartlebys passive resistance only affirms the authority and control that society has over him. Although the motives for social criticism may go over the decades, the overall purpose of liter ature is to act as a vas for social criticism in order to spark movementsfor better or worse in an otherwise monotonous society.