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Friday, April 5, 2019

Global Capitalism and the Environment

Global Capitalism and the surroundTong Huong LyAbstract A lot of researchers deliver examined the touch onion between capitalism and environmentalism. In this paper, I leave out on those resources to build my argument. Firstly, I argue that capitalism has encouraged environmentalism by blurring boarders and distance. In particular, technological advances have supported interconnections between places and allowed hatful to work together to protect the environment. This point is supported by (1) the abbreviation of environmental judge and (2) the example of social media in environmental withstand. Secondly, I contend that, capitalism has withal strengthened the specificity of places. climate changes effects vary between nations, as well as, local anaesthetic regions. Environmental jurist is revisited, with an example of the after(prenominal)math of Katrina Hurricane in New Orleans. I expand my argument by discussing the different qualification of countries to reduce climate change, hence, different approaches must be developed. I conclude that when lining environmentalism, even though capitalism has significantly reduced border barriers and imposed a sense of placelessness, compassionate scrams atomic number 18 still shaped by local geographies. Thus, the role of places is a topic worth a close look.KEY WORDS capitalism, orbiculateisation, environmentalism, dislocation, local geography.Research ScopeTheoretical aspect Environmental justice is defined as an attempt to broaden the definition and scope of environmentalism to include basic needs of myopic and politically less powerful group. This promotes equality for all pieces, regardless of their locations (Scholesberg, 2007).Geographical areasSocial media chirp contend an important role in the Protest at 2009 United Nations Climate Summit in Copenhagen (thewave). Twitter provides a cyber space that connects people from different places around the world. Activists can utilise this to structure and enable the protest to take place (Ward, 2009). This is an evidence of how technological advances, developed by capitalism, can overcome distance barriers and connect people, thus, encouraging the social movement of environmental justice. (Segerberg Bennett, 2011)The aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans Human experiences after the hurricane are distinguished by their level of wealth. In particular, affluent people are able to employ workers to return to New Orleans and hire workers to set up and clean their houses. Meanwhile, poor working mob could not rely on anyone to do the work merely themselves (Allen, 2007). This is a proof of environmental injustice, which signifies how human experiences can be shaped by local geographies.Essay planI, Introduction (200 words) Introduce samara arguments.II, Body (1550 words)1, A sense of dislocation (800 words) Explain how capitalism had affected to environmentalism in a global scalea, Capitalisms bad effects on the environmen t (200 words)Capitalism has led to escalating spark of greenhouse gases, land use changes, which has significant effects on a global scale (Clark York, 2005).This experience is shared by all humans and non-humans.b, Capitalism encourages environmentalism (200 words)Capitalism is a major force for globalisation. globalisation has supported increasing telecommunication, which allows countries to work together to reduce climate change.Use example Earth Summit. leadership of many countries come together to discuss the most suitable course of actions for environmentalism development. This transcends borders. (United Nations, 1992, 2002)Internet interconnects people in different places. People come together in one cyber space to discuss environmentalism and take actions. blank is minimised.c, Link to environmental justice (200 words)Define environmental justiceExplain Scholosbergs environmental justice approach. (Scholesberg, 2007)= Everybody works towards a better outcome for enviro nment and humans, aiming to achieve equality regardless of places.d, An example of environmental justice movement (200 words)Environmental justice is not only a research subject but also a social movement that relies on embodied actions.Use example Twitters role (thewave) in the protest at 2009 United Nations Climate Summit in Copenhagen (Segerberg Bennett, 2011)Result 50,000 people turned out to the march. It was the biggest climate change march in the world ever (Stop Climate variety Chaos Coalition, 2009)= Social media have blurred barriers and borders.2, Specifity of places still exist (750 words)a, Capitalism leads to environmental injustice in different nations/ locations (250 words)Global scale Developed countries try to dump waste to developing countries. Use headway of population Banks quote in 1991 (Frey, 1998). ontogeny countries are forced to face more(prenominal) than by environmental threats. Use World Health Organisation statistics (Frechette, 2002).b, Link to environmental justice (250 words) subject field scale minority communities are affected more.Use New Orleans (a local scale) as slick study. Human experiences are shaped by their level of wealth (Allen, 2007).c, Different ability to address environmentalism (250 words)The ability to reduce climate change differs amongst countries. Eg Developed countries with advanced technology are able to do more than developing countries (Mikler Harrison, 2012).Internet is global in its reach, but territorially uneven in its layout (Castells, 2001 209). Infrastructure differs, leading(a) to uneven access to online social movement.Each country must have different approaches to climate change. Experiences are still highlighted by local geographies.III, Conclusion (200 words) Summarise key arguments. Suggest the importance of places in environmentalism approach. recognition listAllen, B. L. (2007). Environmental justice, local knowledge, and after-disaster planning in New Orleans.Technology in Soc iety,29(2), 153-159.Castells, M. (2002).The Internet galaxy Reflections on the Internet, business, and society. Oxford University Press, 209.Clark, B., York, R. (2005). Carbon metabolism Global capitalism, climate change, and the biospheric rift.Theory and Society,34(4), 391-428.Frechette, K.S (2002). Environmental justice Creating Equality, Reclaiming Democracry. Oxford University Press, 10-11.Frey, R. S. (1998). The export of hazardous industries to the peripheral zones of the world-system.Journal of Developing Societies,14(1), 66-81.Mikler, J., Harrison, N. E. (2012). Varieties of capitalism and technological innovation for climate change mitigation.New Political Economy,17(2), 179-208.Repetto, R. (1990).Paying the price pesticide subsidies in developing countries. World Resources Institute.Scholte, J. A. (1997). Global capitalism and the state.International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), 427-452.Schlosberg, D. (2008).Defining environmental justice. P rescott College.Segerberg, A., Bennett, W. L. (2011). Social media and the organization of collective action Using Twitter to explore the ecologies of two climate change protests.The Communication Review,14(3), 197-215.Stop Climate Chaos Coalition (2009). Retrieved from https//www.stopclimatechaos.org/The United Nations (1992), Earth Summit Conference. Retrieved from http//www.un.org/geninfo/bp/enviro.html.Ward, M. (2009). Twitter on the front line. BBC.

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