Osmotic Pressure And Chemical Equilibrium

Although the investigations on which I am ab issue to speak were carried out 15 years past, I am going to dismay by describing still earlier studies - those which, in fact, formed the land of my own. These studies absorb the experimental determination of osmotic crush. What is osmotic iron? When a solution, e.g. of lolly in irrigate, is separated from the pure firmness of purpose - in this display case water - by a tissue layer which allows water solely not shekels to spell through it, then water forces its way through the membrane into the solution. This process naturally results in peachyer constrict on that side of the membrane to which the water is penetrating, i.e. to the solution side. This military press is osmotic atmospheric pressure. It is thanks to this osmotic pressure that the sap of the oak-tree rises to the uppermost twigs. This pressure was known to exist as long ago as the beginning of the 19th century, but it is only somewhat ofttime s than 20 years ago since this phenomenon has been the subject of precise measurements. It was the implant scientist Pfeffer who first measured this pressure in 1877 by qualification a membrane which satisfied the following three conditions: It was leaky to water, impermeable to sugar, and it withstood the by no means negligible pressure to which it was subjected.

Osmotic forces are in fact unexpectedly great: with a 1% sugar solution they are make up to no less than 2/3 atm. Thus, Pfeffer measured osmotic pressure but he was uneffective to find the coition between the value of this pressure and the slow-wittedness of the solution, its tempe! rature, etc. He put this paradox to the celebrated physicist Clausius in Bonn, but he, too, failed to bump any regular interrelations. Pfeffers results thus remained in a specialized botanical paper, thus escaping the acknowledge of scientists in some other fields. The importance of a solution of this problem becomes clear when whiz remembers the vital role played by osmotic pressure in plant and animal life. The membranes of the...If you exigency to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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